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Background
Amyl nitrite was discovered in 1857. Because it widens the blood
vessels, it was used and is still sometimes used - as a treatment
for the heart condition angina. The non-medical use of amyl nitrite
first became popular during the 1960s. Butyl nitrite has never
been used medically and is now the most common nitrite used recreationally.
Amyl nitrite is, in theory, only available from chemists, but
butyl nitrite can be sold anywhere, and is available in some clothes
shops, record shops and sex shops and in some clubs and bars.
Why people use them
The widening of the blood vessels caused by nitrites lowers the
blood pressure and so makes the heart beat more quickly, pumping
blood to the brain. This results in a dizzy rush of energy, heightening
sensory experiences, after which you may feel light-headed for
a few minutes. Some gay men use nitrites because they relax the
muscles, making anal sex easier. Nitrites are also said to delay
and prolong orgasm, but the effects last for five minutes at the
most.
Why people may wish they hadn't
In the short term
Some people experience a thumping headache, flushes, dizziness
and nausea, and despite nitrites' reputation for improving sex,
they may prevent some men from getting an erection. There is also
a small risk that a user will black out. Repeated use can cause
a rash around the mouth and nose.
Dependence
Nitrites do not lead to physical or psychological dependence,
though some people may come to feel reliant on them in specific
situations, particularly for having sex. Tolerance develops after
two or three weeks of frequent use, but sensitivity is regained
after a few days' abstinence.
In the long term
There are no known long-term adverse effects from inhaling nitrites.
Special risks
- Nitrites will burn the skin if spilled on it.
- Nitrites can be fatal if swallowed, and should not be used at
all by anyone with low blood pressure, a heart or breathing problem,
or glaucoma. Using other stimulants at the same time greatly increases
the risks.
- Mixing nitrites with new drug Viagra, which is designed as a temporary
cure for impotence, is highly dangerous and can be fatal, as both
lower the blood pressure.
Legal status
It's not illegal to possess nitrites or to sell butyl nitrite.
In theory only licensed chemists can sell amyl nitrite.
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